September 2017

1. The essay should be spread over at least 25 A4 size paper sheets. The topic is of such a nature that sufficient material can be provided in it. 2. The topic statement is not open: it would not be possible to go against it; you should present your arguments in the support of the topic. 3. While explaining the …

1. Introduction 2. What is accountability? 3. Accountability mechanism in Pakistan a. Accountability-related laws b. Accountability-related organizations and forums c. Accountability-related courts 4. Importance of accountability for democracy in Pakistan Accountability is extremely good for democracy in Pakistan: a. Proofs from the political sector i. Improvement in legislation ii. Guaranteed provision of fundamental rights iii. Closure of the door to …

“Verily, you are one Ummah. I am your Lord, worship me.” (21: 92 Al-Quran) Unity has become a critical issue for the Muslim world today. Unity precedes, and for right reasons, all needs and priorities of the Muslim nation. There is undeniably greater need for unity in the backdrop of divisive forces at work like narrow sectarian gains, ethnic discriminations …

“There is still something in everything I do that defeats me, makes me dissatisfied, challenges me to further effort. Sometimes I rise above my level, sometimes I fall below it, but always I fall short of the things I dream.” ― H.G. Wells, The Island of Dr. Moreau By: Sarfraz Nawaz Are you feeling a little more lethargic as you …

Acid rain – rainwater containing sulphuric acid, nitric acid and compounds of ammonia. These pollutants have been pumped into the atmosphere by manufacturing industry and vehicle emissions. Aftershocks – smaller earthquakes that occur in the same general area during the days to years following a larger event. Amenity value – used for recreational and leisure activities. Asylum – to claim …

JWT helped me a lot in preparations for Pakistan Studies and General Knowledge papers. I covered many key topics from it. Jahangir’s World Times (JWT): First of all, please tell us about your educational background? Noman Mahmood (NM): I did matriculation and F.Sc. (pre-engineering) from Rashid Minhas School Ali Pur. Later, I completed B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from UET, Lahore, …

“One must read quality books and newspapers, and form one’s own opinion on the major issues” Jahangir’s World Times (JWT): First of all, please tell us about your educational background? Mariya Javaid (MJ): I am an Electrical Engineer. I graduated from University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore, in 2013. JWT: What feature of the Pakistan Administrative Service (PAS) attracted …

The stability–instability paradox is relatively a new concept in strategic studies and international relations. It was one of the several concepts evolved during the Cold War period to explain why “stability” at the strategic level between the two superpowers led to “instability” at the lower levels of the conflict. This paradox continues to remain a subject of intense debate even …

“People have declared it necessary with one voice to have a new province in Sindh, the unanimity of public opinion demonstrates that a new province has become our fate.” This very statement by a political leader spurred a debate in the country for amending the constitution for creating new provinces. Perfection can never be achieved for any piece of work. …

In societies, behaviour is generally governed by informal norms, rules and formal laws. The behaviour of people as well as of the society on the whole is different toward men and women. In feminist analysis, men are at the driving seat when it comes to defining the contents of formal and informal behavioural cultures. The contents defined by men are …