April 2015

Ijtihad is generally translated as ‘independent critical reasoning.’ It means to strive with one’s total ability and make efforts to reach a goal which in this case is to endeavour to deduce the divine laws of Shari’ah from the reliable sources. Ijtihad is a technical term employed in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) and refers to the use of independent judgement to …

Enhancing the Performance of Public Servants The term motivation is derived from the Latin word ‘movere’ meaning ‘to move’. This is the most typical term and is considered an internal part of an organism that impels or drives it to action. It can be said that motivation is energizer of behaviour but researchers differ on the variations of this term; …

 There is no denying the fact that good governance can thrive only in a society that is necessarily corruption-free. There are many problems in evaluating corrupt practices and making counter-strategies against this menace throughout the entire world. Even today, there is no single or unified strategy that has been framed to combat corruption globally. The only framework that can eliminate …

The European Union has 28 member countries, and much like snowflakes, they’re all special in their own way. Every country excels at something. Austria: Lowest Unemployment During 2014, Austria had the lowest unemployment rate at an average of 4.9%. Belgium: Most Recycling Belgians ranked best at recycling packaged waste. Bulgaria: Cheapest Electricity Bulgaria has the cheapest electricity in Europe. It …

Punjab, the most populous province of Pakistan comprises rural and urban areas having their own peculiar socio-economic and cultural settings. English is a compulsory part of coursework at intermediate and undergraduate levels in Punjab. However, a large majority of students finds it difficult to grasp the real substance out of this coursework; hence, the desired outcomes are not achieved. This …

Narrow tax base has often been cited as the most obvious reason for low tax collection in Pakistan. However, the very term “tax base” is largely misinterpreted and is unknown to many people despite the fact that their incomes or activities, annually or periodically, are subject to tax. In Pakistan, Rs 400,000 of non-agricultural income per annum is normally a …

A judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, His Lordship Mr Justice Jawwad S. Khawaja, has appointed Senior Advocate Khawaja Haris Ahmed as an amicus curiae in a case titled Haider Ali vs. the District Police Officer, Chakwal, asking him to assist the apex court on the redress mechanism of grievances of public at large in an effective and efficient …

Since the United States attacked Afghanistan in 2001, respective governments in Pakistan and Afghanistan have been trying to bring the Taliban to the negotiating table. Although former Afghan President Hamid Karzai made some efforts in this regard, yet the real impediment to the process has been the presence of Occupation Forces on the land of Afghanistan. Afghanistan’s new coalition government …

Avoiding the Armageddon China and Pakistan have one of the closest relationships in international diplomacy. The two states have maintained a decades-long consistent as well as multi-faceted relationship that spans strategic defence, political, economic and diplomatic ties. This is due to this enduring relationship that the balance of power has been maintained in the Subcontinent. But, the US-Indian strategic alliance …

Geopolitics is one of the most difficult sciences to have a single—and precise—definition, as it can have a wide array of interpretations. A political analyst could perceive geopolitics as the exercise and distribution of power within the legislative branch of a government, analyzing the power dynamics of who and which party will support a new foreign policy towards another country …