General

The thin, outermost layer of the earth is called the crust. It makes up only one percent of the earth mass. The continental crust is thicker than the oceanic crust. CRUST What comes to mind when you think of the word crust? Perhaps it is the time old saying,” Eat your crust!” The earth’s crust is a little different then …

The human body is an incredibly complex and intricate system, one that still baffles doctors and researchers on a regular basis despite thousands of years of medical knowledge. As a result, it shouldn’t be any surprise that even body parts and functions we deal with every day have bizarre or unexpected facts and explanations behind them. From sneezes to fingernail …

November 1, 1995 November 1, 1995 – The first all-race local government elections took place in South Africa, marking the end of the apartheid system. November 2, 1930 – Haile Selassie was crowned Emperor of Ethiopia. November 3, 1903 – Panama declared itself independent of Colombia following a revolt engineered by the US. November 3, 1957 – Soviet Russia launched …

He wrote about the emergence of bureaucracy from more traditional organisational forms (like feudalism) and it’s rising pre-eminence in modern society.   Max Weber Max Weber (1864-1920), was a German sociologist. He proposed different characteristics found in effective bureaucracies that would effectively conduct decision-making, control resources, protect workers and accomplish organisational goals. Weber’s contributions were indented to supplant old organisational …

Lahore, the second largest city of Pakistan and the capital of Punjab, has been facing severe traffic problems for a very long time. In these circumstances, it has become indispensable to make real improvements in the quality and services of the public traffic system. During the last two decades, a number of proposals have been under consideration about tackling the …

The term ‘Islamophobia’ refers to demonstration of hatred or fear of and the prejudice against the Muslims on the basis of their religion. British Runnymade Trust defined the term as ‘the dread or hatred of Islam, and therefore to the fear and dislike of all Muslims.’ The western response to the 9/11 attacks on Twin Towers led by the United …

By contrasting the Turkish and Pakistani military interventions it becomes obvious that Pakistan has endured longer spells of dictatorship without any formal ‘memorandums of warning’ to the elected governments. The Turkish courts have even convicted elderly leaders of Turkey’s 1980 military coup, Kenan Evren and Tahsin Sahinkaya. On the other hand, in Pakistan, the former president and chief executive, Pervez …

Whether we talk about the attack on Indian parliament in 2011 or 26/11 Mumbai attacks, those incidents also became as the major cause of economic and political destability in Pakistan. So I feel that there may be a better chance for a real improvement in the bilateral relationship whether it is through cricket diplomacy, arts and culture or purely on …

The cancellation of President Putin’s visit to Pakistan and the rescheduling of the Quadrilateral Summit of Pakistan, Russia, Tajikstan and Afghanistan planned for 2-3 October, 2012, for whatever reason, was obviously one of those hiccups. The fact, however, that Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov arrived in Islamabad, apparently on a damage-control mission, soon after the cancellation of President Putin’s visit …

There is a popular belief that ‘reducing spending will solve all of our state’s financial problems. People who hold this belief obviously haven’t thought through the statement very carefully Let’s consider a few simple examples so that everyone can understand what the problem with austerity measures is. Suppose that a middle-aged person has enjoyed a prosperous career with a competitive …