Introduction Change is equal to resistance: the outlook is true for the public sector and more so for the justice sector of Pakistan. In mathematical proportions, the increasing expectations and the decreasing patience on the part of the public are proportional to the increasing inertia and decreasing flexibility on the part of organizations and institutions in the public sector. Strangely …

  Introduction Every life is precious, but some lives are more precious than others; the inequality in application of law brings into question the whole edifice of the international legal framework into question. Two recent incidents bear witness to this. In the first incident, the US along with its allies attacked Syria, on 14th April 2018, for its alleged use …

Introduction According to Roberto Azevêdo, the Director-General of the World Trade Organization (WTO), seeds of impending ‘trade war’ have been sown. He recently wrote: “Global trade is under threat. Whether or not you call the current situation a trade war, certainly the first shots have been fired. This calls for our attention, and most importantly, our action.” His statement is …

Conspectus The toolkit of statecraft has many an item in it; war and its related concepts are but one tool in that. Over the centuries, the international law related to war has been divided into two distinct spheres: jus ad bellum (law of war) and jus in bello (law in war). The former deals with the justifications or reasons leading …

Redefining the National and International Law Introduction Does the law constitute a state or does the state constitute the law? To this query, no binary answer can be proffered. Pakistan as a state, besides being a product of politics, was very much a product of constitutional law. Just days before the end of the constitutional period of the last PML-N-led …

Introduction Apropos the earlier discussion, the instant part of the series is set to examine the impact of the Eighteenth Amendment on the health sector. The task is not easy though, as the ‘health sector’ is not a singular entity; it’s a combination of many activities that may include issues that cut across many other fields of activities. For example, …

The constitution of a country constitutes its system; in this sense, the constitution, whether written or unwritten, assumes paramount significance. The experience of Pakistan in writing and adhering to its written constitutions has not been ideal. The subordination of state will to the written constitution has been a persistent challenge. Constitutionalism, therefore, has been a sine qua non for the …

Reparation Case, Xi’s Elevation and FATF Grey List Introduction This part of the Debates will present three issues: first is the Reparation Case of 1949 that was specifically asked in international law paper for CSS 2018; second is a brief comment on the amendment to the constitutional law of China with respect to Chinese leader Xi Jinping; and the third …

INTRODUCTION In 1932, the case of Lindbergh changed much in the criminal justice system of the United States. Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr., a 20-month-old son of aviator Charles Lindbergh, was kidnapped for ransom from his crib in his home on March 01. Police conducted an extensive search of the locality but despite their relentless efforts, the child was killed and …

Distinguishing the case of Kashmir from Catalonia (Spain) and Kurdistan (Iraq) Introduction The news about the efforts by the peoples of Catalonia (Spain) and Kurdistan (Iraq) have reignited the debate on the importance of the right to self-determination in international law. Understanding the right to self-determination is particularly of interest for the foreign policy makers and students of international relations …