{"id":5526,"date":"2016-10-03T17:57:37","date_gmt":"2016-10-03T12:57:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/jwt2015\/?p=5526"},"modified":"2016-10-03T17:57:37","modified_gmt":"2016-10-03T12:57:37","slug":"30-september-2016-national-international-affairs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/studykit\/currentaffairs\/30-september-2016-national-international-affairs\/","title":{"rendered":"30 September 2016, National & International Affairs"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"NATIONAL<\/a><\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> The government firmly rejected India`s claim of carrying out surgical strikes across the LoC.<\/p>\n

Sep 30: <\/strong>USAID and five Pakistani banks \u2014 HBL, MCB, Faysal Bank, Meezan Bank and JS Bank signed 15-year partnership agreement to provide up to a 50% percent guarantee for loans made for clean energy projects.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> The Ministry of Interior prepared a list of 285 seminaries receiving foreign funding.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> The Indian Army asked for the release of its captured soldier Chandu Babulal Chohan of 37 Rashtriya Rifles.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> Major General Sarfraz Sattar was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General.<\/p>\n

Profile<\/strong><\/p>\n

Commissioned in 1984, Lt General Sattar belongs to the armed corps and 70th Pakistan Military Academy Long Course.<\/p>\n

He is currently commanding an infantry division at Sialkot.<\/p>\n

Sattar has previously served as the Director General of Military Intelligence.<\/p>\n

He was also appointed as military attach\u00e9 in to India at one point in his service.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> The KP government appointed Azmat Hanif Orkazai as the Chief Information Commissioner (CIC) to the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Right to Information Commission for a period of three years.<\/p>\n

INTERNATIONAL<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> Israel paid Turkey $20 million in compensation for Gaza flotilla raid of 2010.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> Europe`s pioneering Rosetta spacecraft concluded a 12-year odyssey with a controlled crash-landing onto the comet it has orbited and probed for two years.<\/p>\n

What Rosetta mission uncovered<\/strong><\/p>\n

After arriving in orbit around comet 67P\/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, it launched Philae, a separate lander, which itself had 10 hi-tech gadgets, including cameras, X-ray scans, radio wave probes and a drill that never deployed.<\/p>\n

What the mission found:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Scientists were flabbergasted to observe through Rosetta\u2019s cameras that 67P resembled a rubber bath duck with a distinct \u201cbody\u201d and \u201chead\u201d, and a crack through its \u201cneck\u201d.<\/p>\n

Some scientists have since postulated that this shape was not created by erosion, but a low-velocity impact billions of years ago between two objects which fused.<\/p>\n

This all suggests the comet was formed in a young, outer part of our Solar System that was much less densely packed with bodies than previously thought.<\/p>\n

This affects our understanding of planetary formation, thought to have happened when ice and dust debris, swirling around in a proto-planetary disk around an infant Sun, collided and stuck together, growing bigger and bigger over time.<\/p>\n

Comet\u2019s surface<\/strong><\/p>\n

The comet\u2019s surface was less \u201cfluffy\u201d and much harder than expected, which contributed to Philae bouncing several times after its harpoons failed to fire on landing.<\/p>\n

The comet had much less water ice than thought, was littered with pebbles and rocks ranging in size from a few centimetres across to five metres, and pocked with deep craters. The surface is rendered super-dark and non-reflective by a thin layer of dust.<\/p>\n

Oxygen molecules<\/strong><\/p>\n

Scientists were astonished to find oxygen molecules in the gassy halo around the comet, and said they appeared to be older than our Solar System.<\/p>\n

Scientific models had previously calculated that oxygen as a molecular compound on its own would not have existed at the time the comet was formed, as it would have bonded with other elements like hydrogen.<\/p>\n

So, how the comet got its oxygen remains a mystery.<\/p>\n

67P has organic molecules, many different ones \u2014 including amino acids, which are the building blocks of life as we know it.<\/p>\n

This discovery supports the hypothesis that comets may very well have helped spark life on Earth by delivering organic materials when they slammed into a young planet that was basically molten iron. Water, on the other hand, is unlikely to have come from comets of 67P’s type, the mission found.<\/p>\n

Water of different \u2018flavour\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

The water on Rosetta is of a very different \u201cflavour\u201d than that on our planet, with three times more deuterium, a heavy hydrogen isotope.<\/p>\n

Rosetta scientists concluded it probably smells like a noxious mix of rotten eggs, horse urine, alcohol and bitter almonds.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> World’s deepest underwater cave was found in the Czech Republic. It is the world\u2019s deepest flooded fissure, going at least 404 metres (1,325 feet) deep.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> Bulgaria outlawed face-covering Islamic veils in public.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> For the first time, the world\u2019s highest criminal court \u2014 the International Criminal Court in The Hague \u2014 ruled that destroying cultural antiquities is a war crime.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> EU environment ministers agreed to fast-track the ratification of the landmark Paris agreement on climate change.<\/p>\n

Fast Facts<\/strong><\/p>\n

The 28 EU member nations together account for close to 12% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.<\/p>\n

The addition of EU will take the cumulative emissions of ratifying parties of the agreement well beyond the 55% minimum required for the treaty to enter into force.<\/p>\n

Together with the EU, total global GHG emissions covered by ratifying parties will make the treaty ready to enter into force.<\/p>\n

Sep 30:<\/strong> The UN Human Rights Council agreed to set up a commission of inquiry to identify perpetrators of alleged international crimes in Burundi.<\/p>\n

About UNHRC<\/strong><\/p>\n

The UNHRC is the successor to the UN Commission on Human Rights, and is a subsidiary body of the UN General Assembly.<\/p>\n

The UNGA established the UNHRC by adopting a resolution on 15 March 2006.<\/p>\n

The UNGA elects the members who occupy the UNHRC’s 47 seats.<\/p>\n

The seat distribution is: Africa (13) Asia (13), Eastern Europe (6), Latin America and the Caribbean (8), and Western European and Others Group (7).<\/p>\n

The term of each seat is three years, and no member may occupy a seat for more than two consecutive terms.<\/p>\n

The UNHRC holds regular sessions three times a year, in March, June, and September.<\/p>\n

Current President:<\/strong> Luis Alfonso de Alba (Mexico)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sep 30: The government firmly rejected India`s claim of carrying out surgical strikes across the LoC. Sep 30: USAID and five Pakistani banks \u2014 HBL, MCB, Faysal Bank, Meezan Bank and JS Bank signed 15-year partnership agreement to provide up to a 50% percent guarantee for loans made for clean energy projects. Sep 30: The …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":5527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5262],"tags":[5460,3710,2231,3711,5461,5462,5392,5459],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5526"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5526"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5526\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5526"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5526"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jworldtimes.com\/old-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5526"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}